Indirect Spectrophotometric Determination of Nitrate Ion in Groundwater Using an Organic Reagent
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31185/wjps.844Keywords:
Groundwater; Eriochrome Black T (EBT); Spectrophotometer; Silver Nitrate.Abstract
Low river water levels in summer and low rainfall in winter have led to desertification, leading to widespread use of groundwater in many areas of Iraq, especially in the southern and central regions. Groundwater is considered an alternative solution to address desertification, but in reality, many health problems have emerged due to the ions present in groundwater, which cause numerous diseases. Among these ions studied in this research is the nitrate ion (NO3⁻). This spectroscopic method was proposed to determine the concentration of nitrate ions in groundwater. Eriochrome Black T (EBT) colorimetric detector was used as a spectroscopic detector after complexing the detector with silver nitrate to determine the nitrate ion in groundwater. Several parameters and optimal conditions for this reaction were studied, and the assessment of nitrate levels was found to be consistent with the linear equation of the Beer-Lambert law in the range of 0.5–5.0 mg/L at a wavelength of (530) nm. When plotting the calibration curve, good linearity was recorded (R2 = 0.9979). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of the method were determined to be 0.269 and 0.816 mg/L, respectively, based on the standard deviation values. The precision measured in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD) over the specified time period at five concentration levels was less than 6.7%. The recovery rate was satisfactory, ranging from 96 to 103, Sandell's sensitivity equal to (0.0263) μg.cm-2. The rationale for using spectrophotometric methods lies in their simplicity of operation, low cost, and applicability in laboratories with limited resources, as opposed to more advanced techniques such as HPLC or LC-MS. Based on these results, the method was approved for the determination of nitrate ions.
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